The South African Police Service (SAPS) has reported significant progress in the national fight against illegal mining, following a series of intensive intelligence-led operations, most notably Operation Vala Umgodi. These efforts have substantially reduced illicit mining activities, improved community safety, and begun restoring stability to regions long troubled by the scourge of so-called “Zama-Zamas”.
The SAPS outlined its comprehensive approach, combining intelligence-driven policing with proactive operational strategies. The identification and removal of illegal miners from affected areas, alongside the confiscation of mining equipment and disruption of criminal networks, have been key pillars of the response. By tackling issues such as corruption, collusion, and illicit financial flows that sustain these operations, authorities have struck at the very core of the illegal mining economy.
Communities once plagued by the dangers and violence associated with illegal mining have reported noticeable improvements in safety and public order. Residents have expressed appreciation for the increased police presence and the tangible results of enforcement actions. Business owners and legitimate mining entities have also welcomed the move, noting the contribution to economic stability and the protection of South Africa’s critical mining sector.
Operation Vala Umgodi, the national framework driving much of this success, has also gained widespread attention through social and mainstream media, strengthening public engagement and support for continued efforts against illegal mining.
Turning specifically to Stilfontein, the SAPS confirmed that between June 2024 and February 2025, significant deployments were made to the area in response to escalating illegal mining activities. A total of 72 officers were initially deployed between 12 June and 31 August 2024. This was followed by 81 officers deployed between 5 August and 30 November 2024. From 30 November 2024 to 28 February 2025, 89 officers were deployed, with a further 103 officers called up during the peak period between 30 November and 20 December 2024. These deployments underscore the seriousness with which authorities treated the situation.
The financial cost of the operation has been substantial. Overtime payments to officers alone amounted to R8,857,763.37 between 12 June 2024 and 31 January 2025. The overall cost of the operation in Stilfontein reached R36,727,494.38, reflecting the scale of the resources and commitment involved in restoring law and order to the affected region.
Since the commencement of Operation Vala Umgodi in Stilfontein, a total of 1,916 illegal miners have been arrested. The charges brought against those arrested have varied, including illegal mining, illegal immigration, possession of gold-bearing material, and the unlawful possession of explosives. These charges reflect the serious nature of the criminal activities uncovered during the operations.
Addressing questions regarding rescue operations involving trapped illegal miners, the SAPS confirmed that it did not bear the financial responsibility for these efforts. The Department of Mineral Resources and Energy, which oversees mining safety and rehabilitation, is the designated authority for rescue operations in mining contexts.
The progress achieved by SAPS has not occurred in isolation. A broad coalition of government departments, law enforcement agencies, private sector players, and local communities has been essential in tackling the crisis. The Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI) has been pivotal in dismantling organised criminal networks linked to illegal mining, while the Department of Home Affairs has addressed immigration violations associated with arrested individuals. The Department of Mineral Resources and Energy has continued to regulate the sector and assist in the rehabilitation of mining sites. In parallel, the Border Management Authority and the South African National Defence Force have played critical roles in strengthening border controls to disrupt the cross-border movement of illegal miners and smuggled equipment.
The National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) has ensured that quality prosecutions follow successful arrests, reinforcing the legal consequences for those involved in illegal mining and ensuring that the rule of law is upheld. The involvement of legal mining companies and private businesses, who have provided information and support to law enforcement, has also been critical. Local communities have been active partners, reporting illegal activities, participating in public awareness campaigns, and helping to foster safer, more resilient environments.
Media organisations have amplified the achievements of SAPS and their partners, ensuring that successes are widely known and that communities are encouraged to support continued enforcement efforts. The widespread coverage of Operation Vala Umgodi has helped create a powerful narrative of resilience, community action, and national resolve against the threat of illegal mining.
While authorities are justifiably proud of the progress made, they stress that the work is far from over. Maintaining the current momentum will require sustained investment in policing resources, continued collaboration across sectors, and deepening engagement with affected communities. Only through collective and sustained action, SAPS warns, can the scourge of illegal mining be eradicated and long-term security, environmental rehabilitation, and economic growth be assured.
